share
Server FaultBoot and Install Windows from a USB thumb drive
[+96] [6] Omar Shahine
[2009-05-02 02:17:55]
[ windows installation usb-flash-drive ]
[ https://serverfault.com/questions/2952/boot-and-install-windows-from-a-usb-thumb-drive ]

Installing Windows from a thumb drive is vastly superior to burning a copy to a DVD which will fill some landfill somewhere with toxic stuff. Not to mention it's about 50x faster to install Windows from a USB Thumb Drive.

How do you get the bits onto the thumb drive so that you can boot from it and do a clean install?

Thanks Omar, I found your question after typing in the title to my own question. Was looking for Windows 2008, but they'll all be the same. - p.campbell
[+98] [2009-05-02 02:25:23] Omar Shahine [ACCEPTED]

Update: Microsoft has created the Windows 7 USB/DVD Download tool [1] to make this very easy.

I used this guide as a set of directions - http://kurtsh.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!DA410C7F7E038D!1665.entry

1. Get a USB Thumbdrive between 4-32GB.

If the drive is larger than 32GB, Windows cannot format it as FAT32, so an alternate utility must be used. Windows can still read FAT32 partitions larger than 32GB, though some devices cannot.

2. Run cmd.exe as administrator and enter the following commands followed by Enter

  1. diskpart
  2. list disk
  3. select disk # (where # is your USB drive as determined from step 2)
  4. clean (This step will delete all data on your flash drive!)
  5. create partition primary
  6. active
  7. format fs=fat32 quick
  8. assign
  9. list volume
  10. exit
  11. bootsect.exe /nt60 F: /mbr (where F: is the drive letter of your USB drive as reported by list volume)

3. Copy the Windows files from the ISO or other source using robocopy

robocopy.exe E:\ F:\ /MIR

where E:\ is the source and F:\ is the destination. Drag-and-drop or copy/paste can also be used, if you know what you're doing.

Configure your PC to boot from the USB drive

In some machines the USB thumbdrive will appear to the BIOS as any other hard drive. You need to muck with the boot sequence to place the thumbdrive higher in the boot order than the local hard drive.

Note that after you do this you might want to reset the boot order in order to ensure that BitLocker doesn't detect boot changes based on the fact that the thumdrive is missing if it was there when you encrypted your drive.

[1] https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/windows-usb-dvd-download-tool

(1) Performed this today from within Win7, and Robocopy did not like the Fat32 filesystem (constant Error 87). Formatting as NTFS did the trick. Thanks for the writeup! - p.campbell
thanks for the tip, I changed it to NTFS in the format command - Omar Shahine
(2) 'format fs=ntfs quick' to quick format which takes significantly less time than a full format - basszero
I tried this, but now I always get an error message while booting with the stick: "Couldn't find NTLDR" when I formatted it with NTFS or "Remove disks or other media" when I formatted it with FAT. What am I doing wrong? - fretje
(3) If I'm not mistaking Step 2.2 "select disk 1" is not always disk 1. - Boris Callens
I think, YUMI is still a better option. - mmdemirbas
(1) @mmdemirbas I also would think so especially since the 10 steps are missing any procedure to actually equip the drive with a boot loader so far, so the resulting USB drive would not boot. And the USB/DVD download tool only would work for Windows 7. - the-wabbit
Note that if you are creating Winddows XP bootable drive, then you should use bootsect /nt52 instead /nt60 - marverix
There is this tool for windows 10: windows.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-10/… - Joe
(2) After going through these instructions (unsuccessfully) myself a few years ago, I've updated it with correct, working instructions. - Bigbio2002
As p.campbell mentioned, choosing NTFS instead FAT32 is the way to go on Error 87. The reason is a file with size > 4GiB on the installation CD which can't be copied to FAT32. - Jens Wirth
On Windows 10, the command "E:\ F:\ /MIR" didn't work. "E: F: /MIR" did. Also, robocopy on Windows 10 will balk at spaces in the path for source or destination and doesn't understand putting quotes around a path that has spaces in it. Finally, if your source is an .iso file, it must be mounted first. - marcerickson
1
[+16] [2010-10-27 20:00:45] MichaelPh

I found two problems with the accepted answer:

  1. It assumes the usb drive is disk 1 for DISKPART.
    This can be resolved by using the LIST DISK command prior to SELECT DISK # to determine the correct disk number.

  2. The usb drive did not appear as a bootable device to the target machine.
    This can be fixed by running the bootsect utility off the Windows installation DVD.

    Before copying the contents of the Windows DVD:

    1. Run cmd.exe as Administrator
    2. Select your optical drive (assumed to be D:)
    3. Type CD boot
    4. Type D:\boot\bootsect.exe /nt60 U: (where U: is your USB drive)

Adding these extra steps I was able to install Windows 7 from a USB HDD onto a Samsung NC10 Netbook.

If this proves unsuccessful some other techniques (including the accepted answer with the above steps) can be found at http://www.bootdisk.com/pendrive.htm.


2
[+10] [2012-02-27 09:02:05] mmdemirbas

There is a tool ( YUMI [1]) to achieve this. I think, it is fastest and painless way of preparing a (multi)bootable usb. You can put many systems (Windows, Linux, HBCD etc.) into one flash drive. And you can also use an external drive.

[1] http://www.pendrivelinux.com/yumi-multiboot-usb-creator/

3
[+3] [2014-06-15 19:35:09] AminM

Try Rufus [1]

Rufus is an utility that helps format and create bootable USB flash drives, such as USB keys/pendrives, memory sticks, etc.

It can be especially useful for cases where:

  • you need to create USB installation media from bootable ISOs (Windows, Linux, UEFI, etc.)
  • you need to work on a system that doesn't have an OS installed
  • you need to flash a BIOS or other firmware from DOS
  • you want to run a low-level utility

Despite its small size, Rufus provides everything you need!

[1] http://rufus.akeo.ie/

4
[+1] [2010-11-05 14:06:57] nick3216

Quick tip I hope will help people going through the same pain as me when trying to create a thumb drive for Windows Server 2008

I had an old USB led around, but it wouldn't mount for me to run diskpart on it.

Turns out it was formatted in FAT16. Mount it on a laptop with a proper OS, reformat it to FAT32, then plug it back into the Windows Server 2008 box and it mounts. Then run diskpart as above.


5
[0] [2012-11-21 00:00:11] CptAJ

Use MultiSystem if you're creating the USB drive from linux.

http://www.pendrivelinux.com/multiboot-create-a-multiboot-usb-from-linux/


Whilst this may theoretically answer the question, it would be preferable to include the essential parts of the answer here, and provide the link for reference. - Scott Pack
6